Participles Used as Adjectives

-ed and -ing adjectives

Both present and past participles are used with the verbs to be and to have to
create common verb tenses, but they can also be used as adjectives. Since
there is a slight difference in meaning between the present and the past
participles when they are used as adjectives, it is very important to choose the
appropriate form.

►Present participles are formed by adding –ing to the verb .
As an adjective, a present participle adjective tells us about the affects someone or
something has on us.
Example:
The new song is interesting.

►Past participles are formed by adding –ed, to the verb , but some of the
irregular forms may end in –d, –en, –n, or –t. As an adjective,
a past participle adjective tells us how a person feels.
Example:
The fans are interested in the new song.

►Participles generally come before the noun they describe. They may also be linked to the subject of the sentence by a linking verb such as to be or to feel.
The park is a frightening place at night.
Steve felt frightened as he walked alone in the park at night.

Practice Exercise
In the sentences below, fill in the correct participles of the verbs in parentheses.

1. People who constantly complain are very __________ (annoy) to me.
2. Whenever Adrian gets __________ (bore), he goes fishing.
3. The students were __________ (confuse) by the Professor’s lecture.
4. Most of the news on television is __________ (depress).
5. The Ruttles were very ________ (excite) to learn that their concert was
sold out.
6. Babysitting young children can be __________ (exhaust) for many people.
7. Steve was so __________ (fascinate) by the book that he finished it in one
evening.
8. Would you be __________ (frighten) if you saw a vampire?
9. After eating a __________ (satisfy) meal, the cat washed her face.
10. When Dagmar looked in the mirror, she was __________ (surprise) to
see that she had a leaf in her hair.